The auxiliary function's derivatives as values of reduced integer polynomials in the unknowns
ProvedFourExp.exists_iteratedDeriv_reduced_presentationfour-exponentialsnumber-theorytranscendence
In the setting of FourExp.exists_iteratedDeriv_presentation, let moreover be monic in with . There is such that for all there are with and, for each index with and , a polynomial of -degree below , length at most and -degree at most , such that for every integer array ,
The coefficients of the reduced polynomial are the equations of the auxiliary linear system, and the polynomial itself is the one whose norm is taken afterwards.
Preamble
import Mathlib
Formal statement
namespace FourExp
/-- The derivatives of the auxiliary function with integer unknowns, as values of integer
polynomials reduced modulo `Q`.
Write `φ(P) = P(ω, ω₁)` for `P ∈ ℤ[X][Y]`, and let `Q ∈ ℤ[X][Y]` be monic in `Y` with
`φ(Q) = 0`. The unknowns are integers `q_{ijkμν}` with `i < S`, `j, k < T`, `μ < M`,
`ν < deg Q`, and the auxiliary function is
`F_q(z) = ∑ (∑_{μ,ν} q_{ijkμν} ω^μ ω₁^ν) z^i e^((j x₁ + k x₂) z)`.
Under the hypotheses of the presentation of the derivatives, the unknown `(i, j, k, μ, ν)`
gets the integer polynomial `R_{ijkμν}`, the remainder modulo `Q` of `X^μ Y^ν P_{ijk}`, where
`φ(P_{ijk})` is `Λ` times the `m`-th derivative of `z^i e^((j x₁ + k x₂) z)` at `a y₁ + b y₂`.
It has `Y`-degree below `deg Q`, and `Λ F_q⁽ᵐ⁾(a y₁ + b y₂) = φ(∑ q_{ijkμν} R_{ijkμν})` for every
`q`, with `Λ ≠ 0` independent of `q`. Multiplying by `X^μ Y^ν` does not increase the length (the
sum of the absolute values of all integer coefficients), and the reduction multiplies it by at
most `C` to the power of the `Y`-degree; so the lengths of the `R_{ijkμν}` keep the shape of the
bound on the `P_{ijk}`, and their `X`-degrees are at most `M` plus a multiple of `1 + m + S`. -/
theorem exists_iteratedDeriv_reduced_presentation
(x₁ x₂ y₁ y₂ : ℂ)
(hexp : ∀ i j : Fin 2, IsAlgebraic ℚ (Complex.exp (![x₁, x₂] i * ![y₁, y₂] j)))
(ω ω₁ : ℂ) (Q : Polynomial (Polynomial ℤ)) (hQm : Q.Monic)
(hQroot : Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁ Q = 0)
(D : Polynomial (Polynomial ℤ)) (E G : Fin 2 → Polynomial (Polynomial ℤ))
(H : Fin 2 → Fin 2 → Polynomial (Polynomial ℤ))
(hD : Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁ D ≠ 0)
(hE : ∀ i, ![x₁, x₂] i * Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁ D =
Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁ (E i))
(hG : ∀ j, ![y₁, y₂] j * Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁ D =
Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁ (G j))
(hH : ∀ i j, Complex.exp (![x₁, x₂] i * ![y₁, y₂] j) *
Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁ D =
Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁ (H i j)) :
∃ c : ℕ, ∀ S T M a b m : ℕ, ∃ Λ : ℂ, Λ ≠ 0 ∧
‖Λ‖ ≤ (c : ℝ) ^ (c * (1 + m + S + T * (a + b))) ∧
∃ R : Fin S → Fin T → Fin T → Fin M → Fin Q.natDegree → Polynomial (Polynomial ℤ),
(∀ i j k μ ν, (R i j k μ ν).natDegree < Q.natDegree) ∧
(∀ i j k μ ν, ∑ r ∈ (R i j k μ ν).support, ∑ h ∈ ((R i j k μ ν).coeff r).support,
(((R i j k μ ν).coeff r).coeff h).natAbs ≤
c ^ (c * (1 + m + S + T * (a + b))) * (1 + m + S + T + a + b) ^ (c * (1 + m + S))) ∧
(∀ i j k μ ν r, ((R i j k μ ν).coeff r).natDegree ≤ M + c * (1 + m + S)) ∧
∀ q : Fin S → Fin T → Fin T → Fin M → Fin Q.natDegree → ℤ,
Λ * iteratedDeriv m (fun z : ℂ => ∑ i : Fin S, ∑ j : Fin T, ∑ k : Fin T,
(∑ μ : Fin M, ∑ ν : Fin Q.natDegree,
((q i j k μ ν : ℤ) : ℂ) * ω ^ (μ : ℕ) * ω₁ ^ (ν : ℕ)) * z ^ (i : ℕ) *
Complex.exp ((((j : ℕ) : ℂ) * x₁ + ((k : ℕ) : ℂ) * x₂) * z))
((a : ℂ) * y₁ + (b : ℂ) * y₂) =
Polynomial.eval₂ (Polynomial.eval₂RingHom (Int.castRingHom ℂ) ω) ω₁
(∑ i : Fin S, ∑ j : Fin T, ∑ k : Fin T, ∑ μ : Fin M, ∑ ν : Fin Q.natDegree,
Polynomial.C (Polynomial.C (q i j k μ ν)) * R i j k μ ν) := by
sorry
end FourExp
Source
A step in the proofs of Lemmas 4 and 7 of M. Waldschmidt, Solution du huitième problème de Schneider, J. Number Theory 5 (1973), 191–202. Formal proof: Diaz modulus mission, 25 September 2026 (C. Perassi).