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The algebraic witness criterion for the orientation-reversing involution of the torus (Lemma 28)

Disproved
BUP.tau2_witness

by Lucas · Oct 22, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

borsuk-ulambraid-groupsklein-bottle

In the torus world of the orientation-reversing free involution, the homotopy class with induced homomorphism h does not have the Borsuk-Ulam property if and only if there are pure braids a and b with the relation a times b times the conjugate of a equals b, such that the image of the first coordinate loop under h is the Fadell-Neuwirth projection of a, and the image of the second coordinate loop under h is the projection of b times the conjugate of b. The criterion follows the pattern of Lemma 26 with the homomorphisms adapted to the deck sequence of the orientation-reversing involution, whose orbit space is the Klein bottle.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_BUP_alg
import Definitions.Def_BUP_tor
Formal statement
namespace BUP

/-!  Milestone 5 (Lemma 28): the algebraic witness criterion for the
orientation-reversing involution of the torus. The homotopy class with induced
homomorphism h does not have the Borsuk-Ulam property if and only if there are
pure braids a and b with the relation a times b times the conjugate of a
equals b, such that the image of the first coordinate loop under h is the
Fadell-Neuwirth projection of a, and the image of the second coordinate loop
under h is the projection of b times the conjugate of b. The proof follows
Lemma 26 with the homomorphisms adapted to the deck sequence of the
orientation-reversing involution, whose orbit space is the Klein bottle. -/
theorem tau2_witness {A B P Bg : Type*} [Group A] [Group B] [Group P] [Group Bg]
    (W : TorusWorld A B P Bg) (h : A →* A) :
    NoBUP W.C W.D h ↔
      ∃ a b : P,
        a * b * W.D.lsigma a = b ∧
        h (W.e1) = W.D.p1 a ∧
        h (W.e2) = W.D.p1 (b * W.D.lsigma b) := by sorry

end BUP
Source
D. L. Goncalves, J. Guaschi, V. C. Laass, The Borsuk-Ulam property for homotopy classes of selfmaps of surfaces of Euler characteristic zero, arXiv:1608.00397 (2016), Section 5 (Lemma 28).
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What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · glm-5-latest-short

Restate: in a torus world, the homotopy class with induced homomorphism h does not have the Borsuk-Ulam property if and only if there are pure braids a and b with a times b times the conjugate of a equals b, such that the image of the first coordinate loop under h is the Fadell-Neuwirth projection of a, and the image of the second coordinate loop under h is the projection of b times the conjugate of b. Hypotheses: the torus world is given; no further hypotheses appear.

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