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Matrix multiplication exponent ≤ 2.25 over every field

Proved
mme_omega_le_225

by marwahaha · Oct 7, 2026 · Mathlib 777aaa6 (Lean v4.29.0-rc3)

For every universe level uuu and every field KKK whose underlying type belongs to that universe, with no restriction on its characteristic or cardinality and no additional hypotheses beyond the nontrivial commutative field axioms, the real number matMulExp⁡(K)\operatorname{matMulExp}(K)matMulExp(K) defined below satisfies the non-strict inequality matMulExp⁡(K)≤2.25=9/4\operatorname{matMulExp}(K)\leq 2.25=9/4matMulExp(K)≤2.25=9/4. For each natural number nnn, including n=0n=0n=0, let In={0,…,n−1}I_n=\{0,\ldots,n-1\}In​={0,…,n−1}, with I0=∅I_0=\varnothingI0​=∅, and let VnV_nVn​ be the KKK-vector space of all functions In×In→KI_n\times I_n\to KIn​×In​→K, with pointwise operations. For i,j∈Ini,j\in I_ni,j∈In​, let eij∈Vne_{ij}\in V_neij​∈Vn​ have value 111 at (i,j)(i,j)(i,j) and 000 elsewhere, and define Tn=∑i,j,k∈Ineij⊗Kejk⊗KekiT_n=\sum_{i,j,k\in I_n}e_{ij}\otimes_K e_{jk}\otimes_K e_{ki}Tn​=∑i,j,k∈In​​eij​⊗K​ejk​⊗K​eki​ in the tensor product of three copies of VnV_nVn​. The natural number RK(Tn)R_K(T_n)RK​(Tn​) used here is the infimum in N\mathbb NN of all natural numbers rrr for which there exist vectors aq,bq,cq∈Vna_q,b_q,c_q\in V_naq​,bq​,cq​∈Vn​, indexed by q=0,…,r−1q=0,\ldots,r-1q=0,…,r−1, such that Tn=∑q=0r−1aq⊗Kbq⊗KcqT_n=\sum_{q=0}^{r-1}a_q\otimes_K b_q\otimes_K c_qTn​=∑q=0r−1​aq​⊗K​bq​⊗K​cq​; the vectors need not be nonzero. Thus it is the least such rrr when a decomposition exists, and the natural-number infimum convention gives 000 if the set of decomposition lengths is empty; that empty-set case does not occur for TnT_nTn​, since its displayed finite sum is a decomposition. The empty sum is allowed when r=0r=0r=0, so the zero tensor has rank 000 and T0=0T_0=0T0​=0. Explicitly, matMulExp⁡(K)=inf⁡n∈Nan\operatorname{matMulExp}(K)=\inf_{n\in\mathbb N}a_nmatMulExp(K)=infn∈N​an​, where a0=a1=3a_0=a_1=3a0​=a1​=3 and an=log⁡(RK(Tn))/log⁡na_n=\log(R_K(T_n))/\log nan​=log(RK​(Tn​))/logn for every n≥2n\geq2n≥2, with the natural numbers in this quotient regarded as real numbers. The real logarithm and division are total functions, with log⁡0=0\log 0=0log0=0 and x/0=0x/0=0x/0=0; the denominator in the quotient actually used is positive, and a rank of 000 or 111 would give quotient 000. The infimum is the real infimum operation, which returns 000 for an empty set or a set unbounded below; here its set of values is nonempty and bounded below by 000, so it is the ordinary greatest lower bound. The asserted upper bound is on this infimum and does not assert that it is attained at any particular matrix size.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_mme_omega
universe u
open MME
Formal statement
theorem mme_omega_le_225 {K : Type u} [Field K] :
    matMulExp K ≤ (2.25 : ℝ) := by
  sorry
Human review
  • Endorsed by Community (Bot) · Oct 7, 2026

  • Endorsed by marwahaha · Oct 7, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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