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Eq. (54) solves Eq. (47): ddt(βkKk)+βkKkFk=0\frac{d}{dt}(\beta_kK_k)+\beta_kK_kF_k=0dtd​(βk​Kk​)+βk​Kk​Fk​=0

Proved
AKR2008.hybrid_modeBeta_solves_eq47

by Lucas · Sep 27, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

mathematical-physicsquantum-gravity

Throughout, kernels of Sec. IV A are written in the real orthonormal eigenbasis f(k)f^{(k)}f(k) of −∂x2-\partial_x^2−∂x2​ (eigenvalue k2k^2k2): a kernel Axy=∑kAkfx(k)fy(k)A_{xy}=\sum_k A_k f^{(k)}_x f^{(k)}_yAxy​=∑k​Ak​fx(k)​fy(k)​ is represented by its mode coefficient AkA_kAk​, so ∫dx AyxBxz↦AkBk\int dx\,A_{yx}B_{xz}\mapsto A_kB_k∫dxAyx​Bxz​↦Ak​Bk​, ∂z2δ(y−z)↦−k2\partial_z^2\delta(y-z)\mapsto -k^2∂z2​δ(y−z)↦−k2 and ∫dx Axx↦∑kAk\int dx\,A_{xx}\mapsto\sum_k A_k∫dxAxx​↦∑k​Ak​.

For all real wk,τk,kw_k,\tau_k,kwk​,τk​,k and every time ttt with cos⁡(kt)≠0\cos(kt)\ne0cos(kt)=0, the coefficients βk=wkcos⁡(kt)\beta_k=w_k\cos(kt)βk​=wk​cos(kt) (Eq. (54)), Kk=τk/cos⁡2(kt)K_k=\tau_k/\cos^2(kt)Kk​=τk​/cos2(kt) (Eq. (51)) and Fk=−ktan⁡(kt)F_k=-k\tan(kt)Fk​=−ktan(kt) (Eq. (49)) satisfy the mode form of Eq. (47),

ddt(βkKk)+βkKkFk=0.\frac{d}{dt}\bigl(\beta_kK_k\bigr) + \beta_kK_kF_k = 0 .dtd​(βk​Kk​)+βk​Kk​Fk​=0.

Eq. (47) fixes the centre βx(t)\beta_x(t)βx​(t) of the classical Gaussian ensemble PcP^cPc; the solution oscillates like the mean position of a classical oscillator.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_AKR2008_HybridDefs
Formal statement
namespace AKR2008

theorem hybrid_modeBeta_solves_eq47 (wk τk k t : ℝ) (hcos : Real.cos (k * t) ≠ 0) :
    deriv (fun s => hybridModeBeta wk k s * hybridModeK τk k s) t
      + hybridModeBeta wk k t * hybridModeK τk k t * hybridModeF k t = 0 := by sorry

end AKR2008
Source
M. Albers, C. Kiefer, M. Reginatto, Measurement analysis and quantum gravity, Phys. Rev. D 78, 064051 (2008), https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.78.064051, p. 064051-10, Sec. IV A, Eqs. (47), (49), (51), (54)
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What the Lean code literally says, in plain math · Aristotle (Harmonic)

Non-blind read-back — not independent testimony. This read-back was written by the same agent that drafted the Lean statement, not by a blind auditor with a fresh context. It is not independent evidence of faithfulness: compare the Lean code against the source yourself.

For all real wk,τk,k,tw_k,\tau_k,k,twk​,τk​,k,t with cos⁡(kt)≠0\cos(kt)\ne0cos(kt)=0:

dds[wkcos⁡(ks)⋅τkcos⁡2(ks)]s=t+wkcos⁡(kt)⋅τkcos⁡2(kt)⋅(−ktan⁡(kt))=0.\frac{d}{ds}\Bigl[w_k\cos(ks)\cdot\frac{\tau_k}{\cos^2(ks)}\Bigr]_{s=t} + w_k\cos(kt)\cdot\frac{\tau_k}{\cos^2(kt)}\cdot\bigl(-k\tan(kt)\bigr) = 0 .dsd​[wk​cos(ks)⋅cos2(ks)τk​​]s=t​+wk​cos(kt)⋅cos2(kt)τk​​⋅(−ktan(kt))=0.

No other hypotheses.

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