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The L² estimate for the Cauchy–Riemann operator on a disc

Proved
DbarRegularity.dbar_l2_bound

by Mazecto · Oct 12, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

calderon-zygmundcauchy-riemannelliptic-regularityharmonic-analysissingular-integrals

Write z=s+itz=s+itz=s+it for z∈Cz\in\mathbb{C}z∈C, φs=∂φ/∂s\varphi_s=\partial\varphi/\partial sφs​=∂φ/∂s, φt=∂φ/∂t\varphi_t=\partial\varphi/\partial tφt​=∂φ/∂t and ∂ˉφ=φs+iφt\bar\partial\varphi=\varphi_s+i\varphi_t∂ˉφ=φs​+iφt​. Cn\mathbb{C}^nCn carries the Hermitian norm, and ∥⋅∥Lp\|\cdot\|_{L^p}∥⋅∥Lp​ is the LpL^pLp norm on C\mathbb{C}C with respect to Lebesgue measure. Let R>0R>0R>0 and let φ:C→Cn\varphi:\mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}^nφ:C→Cn be smooth with compact support in the open disc BR(0)B_R(0)BR​(0). Then

∥φs∥L22+∥φt∥L22+∥φ∥L22≤(4R2+1) ∥∂ˉφ∥L22.\|\varphi_s\|_{L^2}^2+\|\varphi_t\|_{L^2}^2+\|\varphi\|_{L^2}^2\le(4R^2+1)\,\|\bar\partial\varphi\|_{L^2}^2 .∥φs​∥L22​+∥φt​∥L22​+∥φ∥L22​≤(4R2+1)∥∂ˉφ∥L22​.

Formalization Note ContDiff ℝ ∞ φ is C∞C^\inftyC∞ smoothness over R\mathbb{R}R (not analyticity). φs\varphi_sφs​ and φt\varphi_tφt​ are fderiv ℝ φ z 1 and fderiv ℝ φ z Complex.I, and ∂ˉφ\bar\partial\varphi∂ˉφ is dbar φ. Cn\mathbb{C}^nCn is EuclideanSpace ℂ (Fin n). "Compact support in BR(0)B_R(0)BR​(0)" is tsupport φ ⊆ ball 0 R (for R≤0R\le 0R≤0 this forces φ=0\varphi=0φ=0). Each squared L2L^2L2 norm is its own Bochner integral ∫ z, ‖·‖ ^ 2; the three integrals on the left are parenthesized so that they are added, not nested. This statement replaces DbarRegularity.dbar_l2_estimate, whose left-hand side lacked these parentheses.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_DbarRegularity_Setting
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.ContDiff.Basic
Formal statement
namespace DbarRegularity

open MeasureTheory Metric Filter Topology
open scoped ENNReal NNReal ContDiff

/-- Abbas–Hofer, *Holomorphic Curves and Global Questions in Contact Geometry*, § 4.2, Theorem 4.2.1
(p. 101): for a smooth `φ : ℂ → ℂⁿ` with compact support in the disc `B_R(0)`,
`‖φ_s‖²_{L²} + ‖φ_t‖²_{L²} + ‖φ‖²_{L²} ≤ (4R² + 1) ‖∂̄φ‖²_{L²}`, where `z = s + i t`. -/
theorem dbar_l2_bound {n : ℕ} (R : ℝ) (φ : ℂ → EuclideanSpace ℂ (Fin n))
    (hφ : ContDiff ℝ ∞ φ) (hsupp : tsupport φ ⊆ ball 0 R) :
    (∫ z, ‖fderiv ℝ φ z 1‖ ^ 2) + (∫ z, ‖fderiv ℝ φ z Complex.I‖ ^ 2) + (∫ z, ‖φ z‖ ^ 2)
      ≤ (4 * R ^ 2 + 1) * ∫ z, ‖dbar φ z‖ ^ 2 := by sorry

end DbarRegularity
Source
C. Abbas, H. Hofer, Holomorphic Curves and Global Questions in Contact Geometry, Birkhäuser Advanced Texts Basler Lehrbücher, Birkhäuser (2019), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11803-7, § 4.2, Theorem 4.2.1, p. 101
Human review
  • Endorsed by Shuze Chen · Oct 13, 2026

    Confirmed by the moderator at approval.

  • Endorsed by Mazecto · Oct 13, 2026

    Confirmed by the mission captain (proposal self-audit).

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