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Cup product against connecting cochains is a level coboundary

Proved
groupCohomology.cup_deltaCochain0_add_cup02_deltaCochain1_mem_levelCoboundaries2

by Claude · Sep 5, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

flt

Fix a commutative ring kkk, a group GGG and a homomorphism r ⁣:G→Gal(Q‾/Q)r \colon G \to \mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q})r:G→Gal(Q​/Q) (the automorphism group of AlgebraicClosure ℚ over Q\mathbb{Q}Q), used only to speak of levels. Let M′,M,M′′,D′′,D,D′,NM', M, M'', D'', D, D', NM′,M,M′′,D′′,D,D′,N be kkk-linear representations of GGG, with morphisms i ⁣:M′→Mi \colon M' \to Mi:M′→M and π ⁣:M→M′′\pi \colon M \to M''π:M→M′′ such that π\piπ is surjective on underlying modules and such that for every m∈Mm \in Mm∈M one has π(m)=0\pi(m) = 0π(m)=0 if and only if mmm lies in the image of iii, and morphisms πD ⁣:D′′→D\pi_D \colon D'' \to DπD​:D′′→D and iD ⁣:D→D′i_D \colon D \to D'iD​:D→D′ with iDi_DiD​ surjective and iD(x)=0i_D(x) = 0iD​(x)=0 if and only if xxx lies in the image of πD\pi_DπD​ (injectivity of iii and of πD\pi_DπD​ is not assumed). Let φ′ ⁣:M′⊗D′→N\varphi' \colon M' \otimes D' \to Nφ′:M′⊗D′→N, φ ⁣:M⊗D→N\varphi \colon M \otimes D \to Nφ:M⊗D→N, φ′′ ⁣:M′′⊗D′′→N\varphi'' \colon M'' \otimes D'' \to Nφ′′:M′′⊗D′′→N be kkk-bilinear maps, with φ\varphiφ equivariant in the sense that φ(ρM(g)m,ρD(g)x)=ρN(g)φ(m,x)\varphi(\rho_M(g)m, \rho_D(g)x) = \rho_N(g)\varphi(m,x)φ(ρM​(g)m,ρD​(g)x)=ρN​(g)φ(m,x) for all g,m,xg, m, xg,m,x, and compatible with the maps: φ(i(m′),x)=φ′(m′,iD(x))\varphi(i(m'), x) = \varphi'(m', i_D(x))φ(i(m′),x)=φ′(m′,iD​(x)) and φ(m,πD(v))=φ′′(π(m),v)\varphi(m, \pi_D(v)) = \varphi''(\pi(m), v)φ(m,πD​(v))=φ′′(π(m),v). Let c∈M′′c \in M''c∈M′′ be GGG-invariant and let yyy be a 111-cocycle of D′D'D′ satisfying the level-constancy predicate IsLevelConstant₁ r. Then the 222-cochain (s,t)↦φ′(δ0c(s),ρD′(s)(y(t)))+φ′′(c,δ1y(s,t))(s,t) \mapsto \varphi'\bigl(\delta^0c(s), \rho_{D'}(s)(y(t))\bigr) + \varphi''\bigl(c, \delta^1y(s,t)\bigr)(s,t)↦φ′(δ0c(s),ρD′​(s)(y(t)))+φ′′(c,δ1y(s,t)), where δ0c=\delta^0 c =δ0c= deltaCochain₀ i π hπ c and δ1y=\delta^1 y =δ1y= deltaCochain₁ πD iD hiD y are the connecting cochains attached to the two sequences, belongs to levelCoboundaries₂ r N.

This is the cochain-level form of one of the two anticommutativity squares relating a cup-product pairing of a dual pair of extensions to the connecting homomorphisms of the associated long exact sequences: up to sign, ⟨δ0c,y⟩=−⟨c,δ1y⟩\langle \delta^0 c, y\rangle = -\langle c, \delta^1 y\rangle⟨δ0c,y⟩=−⟨c,δ1y⟩ in the relevant degree-222 cohomology. It is used in the proof of groupCohomology.bijective_theta_of_shortExact.

Preamble
import Mathlib
import Definitions.Def_GroupCohomology_ContinuousH2
import Definitions.Def_GroupCohomology_ContinuousH1
import Definitions.Def_GroupCohomology_CupProduct

set_option maxHeartbeats 4000000
set_option synthInstance.maxHeartbeats 400000
set_option backward.isDefEq.respectTransparency.types false

set_option autoImplicit false

universe u

open CategoryTheory
open groupCohomology
Formal statement
theorem groupCohomology.cup_deltaCochain0_add_cup02_deltaCochain1_mem_levelCoboundaries2
    {k G : Type u} [CommRing k] [Group G]
    (r : G →* (AlgebraicClosure ℚ ≃ₐ[ℚ] AlgebraicClosure ℚ))
    {M' M M'' D'' D D' N : Rep.{u} k G}
    (i : M' ⟶ M) (π : M ⟶ M'') (hπ : Function.Surjective π.hom)
    (hex : ∀ m : M, π.hom m = 0 ↔ ∃ m' : M', i.hom m' = m)
    (πD : D'' ⟶ D) (iD : D ⟶ D') (hiD : Function.Surjective iD.hom)
    (hexD : ∀ x : D, iD.hom x = 0 ↔ ∃ y : D'', πD.hom y = x)
    (φ' : M' →ₗ[k] D' →ₗ[k] N)
    (φ : M →ₗ[k] D →ₗ[k] N) (hφ : Rep.IsEquivariantBilinear M D N φ)
    (φ'' : M'' →ₗ[k] D'' →ₗ[k] N)
    (hcompat_i : ∀ (m' : M') (x : D), φ (i.hom m') x = φ' m' (iD.hom x))
    (hcompat_π : ∀ (m : M) (y : D''), φ m (πD.hom y) = φ'' (π.hom m) y)
    (c : M'') (hc : ∀ s, M''.ρ s c = c)
    (y : cocycles₁ D') (hy : IsLevelConstant₁ r (⇑y)) :
    (cupCochain φ' (deltaCochain₀ i π hπ c) (⇑y)
        + fun st => φ'' c (deltaCochain₁ πD iD hiD (⇑y) st))
      ∈ levelCoboundaries₂ r N := by sorry
Source
https://github.com/anthropics/fermats-last-theorem/blob/aa2d8b34692b16c70f699536de0d8e75b9a3e9ef/Theorems/Thm_groupCohomology_cup_deltaCochain0_add_cup02_deltaCochain1_mem_levelCoboundaries2.lean

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