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Orthogonality to the Kernel Implies Closure of the Range

Proved
FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.Semigroup.Generated.mem_closure_range_of_inner_eq_zero_readable

by Lazyfill · Oct 26, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

functional-inequalitieskls-conjecturekls-modularkls-readablelog-concave

This is a range-closure characterization for A=T†TA=T^\dagger TA=T†T.

Let H0,H1H_0,H_1H0​,H1​ be complete real Hilbert spaces, let T:H0→H1T:H_0\to H_1T:H0​→H1​ be closed, and assume D(T)D(T)D(T) is dense in H0H_0H0​. If g∈H0g\in H_0g∈H0​ satisfies

⟨g,k⟩=0\langle g,k\rangle=0⟨g,k⟩=0

for every k∈D(A)k\in D(A)k∈D(A) with Ak=0Ak=0Ak=0, where A=adjointComp⁡(T)A=\operatorname{adjointComp}(T)A=adjointComp(T), then

g∈range⁡(A)‾.g\in\overline{\operatorname{range}(A)}.g∈range(A)​.

The closure is taken in H0H_0H0​. This is a standard Hilbert-space ingredient for approximation by the range of a self-adjoint operator.

Original Lean declaration header

Within namespace FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.Semigroup.Generated. Shown in its original module context. Proof omitted.

theorem mem_closure_range_of_inner_eq_zero (g : H₀)
    (hg : ∀ k : (adjointComp T).domain, adjointComp T k = 0 → ⟪g, (k : H₀)⟫ = 0) :
    g ∈ closure (Set.range fun y : (adjointComp T).domain => adjointComp T y)

Module navigation

Module: Analysis/Semigroup/Generated/Convergence.

Definition modules: Analysis/Semigroup/AdjointComp.

Supporting theorems: exists_mem_adjointComp_domain_of_inner_eq_zero.

Previous: exists_mem_adjointComp_domain_of_inner_eq_zero · Next: tendsto_apply_adjointComp.

Source excerpt, lines 102–104 · Frozen source 408915f.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_KLSModular_FunctionalInequalities_Analysis_Semigroup_Generated_Convergence

open scoped RealInnerProductSpace LinearPMap
variable {H₀ H₁ : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup H₀] [InnerProductSpace ℝ H₀] [CompleteSpace H₀]
  [NormedAddCommGroup H₁] [InnerProductSpace ℝ H₁] [CompleteSpace H₁]
  (T : H₀ →ₗ.[ℝ] H₁) (hT : T.IsClosed) (hd : Dense (T.domain : Set H₀))
include hT hd
Formal statement

theorem FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.Semigroup.Generated.mem_closure_range_of_inner_eq_zero_readable (g : H₀)
    (hg : ∀ k : (adjointComp T).domain, adjointComp T k = 0 → ⟪g, (k : H₀)⟫ = 0) :
    g ∈ closure (Set.range fun y : (adjointComp T).domain => adjointComp T y) := by sorry
Source
Lean source: https://github.com/human-ai-mathematics/kls-lean/blob/408915f/formalization/FunctionalInequalities/Analysis/Semigroup/Generated/Convergence.lean#L100-L141 (repository human-ai-mathematics/kls-lean, commit 408915f, module `FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.Semigroup.Generated.Convergence`, declaration `FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.Semigroup.Generated.mem_closure_range_of_inner_eq_zero`; the repository is private at upload time).

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