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Tilted Integration By Parts For Lipschitz Functions

Proved
FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.integral_fderiv_tilted_eq_integral_mul_fderiv_of_bounded_lipschitz_readable

by Lazyfill · Oct 26, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

functional-inequalitieskls-conjecturekls-modularkls-readablelog-concave

This statement establishes weighted integration by parts for a bounded Lipschitz test.

Let n be a natural number, let U and η be functions on E=EuclideanSpace⁡ R (Fin⁡n)E=\operatorname{EuclideanSpace}\,\mathbb R\,(\operatorname{Fin} n)E=EuclideanSpaceR(Finn), and let L and Lη be nonnegative-real Lipschitz constants. Assume U is L-Lipschitz, η is Lη-Lipschitz, η is bounded by C in norm, and

∫Ee−U(x) dx=1.\int_E e^{-U(x)}\,dx=1.∫E​e−U(x)dx=1.

For every v∈E, both directional derivatives are integrable with respect to dν=e−Udxd\nu=e^{-U}dxdν=e−Udx, namely DvηD_vηDv​η and ηDvUηD_vUηDv​U, and

∫EDvη dν=∫Eη DvU dν.\int_E D_vη\,d\nu=\int_E η\,D_vU\,d\nu.∫E​Dv​ηdν=∫E​ηDv​Udν.

This is a reusable first-order integration-by-parts identity for normalized exponential tilts in finite dimensions.

Formalization Note The functions are only assumed globally Lipschitz; the derivatives are Fréchet derivatives where represented by fderiv, and the tilted measure uses the potential −U.

Original Lean declaration header

Within namespace FunctionalInequalities.Analysis. Shown in its original module context. Proof omitted.

theorem integral_fderiv_tilted_eq_integral_mul_fderiv_of_bounded_lipschitz {n : ℕ}
    {U eta : EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n) → ℝ} {L Leta : NNReal}
    (hU : LipschitzWith L U) (heta : LipschitzWith Leta eta)
    (C : ℝ) (hbound : ∀ x, ‖eta x‖ ≤ C)
    (hnorm : (∫ x, Real.exp (-U x) ∂volume) = 1)
    (v : EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n)) :
    Integrable (fun x => fderiv ℝ eta x v) ((volume : Measure (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))).tilted (-U)) ∧
    Integrable (fun x => eta x * fderiv ℝ U x v) ((volume : Measure (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))).tilted (-U)) ∧
    (∫ x, fderiv ℝ eta x v ∂((volume : Measure (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))).tilted (-U))) =
      ∫ x, eta x * fderiv ℝ U x v ∂((volume : Measure (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))).tilted (-U))

Module navigation

Module: Analysis/BakryEmery/IntegrationByParts/LipschitzHessian.

Supporting theorems: HasWeakDerivAlong.mul_of_locally_bounded, hasWeakDerivAlong_exp_neg_of_lipschitz, hasWeakDerivAlong_of_lipschitz, integral_eq_zero_of_integrable_weak_derivative.

Previous: integral_inner_fderiv_gradient_tilted_eq_integral_fderiv_mul.

Source excerpt, lines 238–247 · Frozen source 408915f.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_KLSModular_FunctionalInequalities_Analysis_BakryEmery_IntegrationByParts_LipschitzHessian

open MeasureTheory Filter Set
set_option maxHeartbeats 800000
Formal statement

theorem FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.integral_fderiv_tilted_eq_integral_mul_fderiv_of_bounded_lipschitz_readable {n : ℕ}
    {U eta : EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n) → ℝ} {L Leta : NNReal}
    (hU : LipschitzWith L U) (heta : LipschitzWith Leta eta)
    (C : ℝ) (hbound : ∀ x, ‖eta x‖ ≤ C)
    (hnorm : (∫ x, Real.exp (-U x) ∂volume) = 1)
    (v : EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n)) :
    Integrable (fun x => fderiv ℝ eta x v) ((volume : Measure (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))).tilted (-U)) ∧
    Integrable (fun x => eta x * fderiv ℝ U x v) ((volume : Measure (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))).tilted (-U)) ∧
    (∫ x, fderiv ℝ eta x v ∂((volume : Measure (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))).tilted (-U))) =
      ∫ x, eta x * fderiv ℝ U x v ∂((volume : Measure (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))).tilted (-U)) := by sorry
Source
Lean source: https://github.com/human-ai-mathematics/kls-lean/blob/408915f/formalization/FunctionalInequalities/Analysis/BakryEmery/IntegrationByParts/LipschitzHessian.lean#L235-L321 (repository human-ai-mathematics/kls-lean, commit 408915f, module `FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.BakryEmery.IntegrationByParts.LipschitzHessian`, declaration `FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.integral_fderiv_tilted_eq_integral_mul_fderiv_of_bounded_lipschitz`; the repository is private at upload time).

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