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Smooth Approximation for the Weak Hessian

Proved
FunctionalInequalities.KLS.LogConcave.exists_seq_smooth_tendsto_weakHessian_readable

by Lazyfill · Oct 26, 2026 · Mathlib 0df444a (Lean v4.33.1)

functional-inequalitieskls-conjecturekls-modularkls-readablelog-concave

This technical statement constructs a smooth compactly supported approximation for a generator-domain element.

Let VVV be finite-dimensional, let ν=m.tilted(−U)\nu=m\mathbin{.}\mathrm{tilted}(-U)ν=m.tilted(−U) with nonempty interior support, and assume that UUU has temperate growth, is C1C^1C1, and that every exponential moment of ν\nuν is integrable. Let ρ∈R\rho\in\mathbb Rρ∈R satisfy the pointwise curvature inequality

ρ∥v∥2≤∇2U(x)[v,v](x,v∈V).\rho\|v\|^2\le \nabla^2U(x)[v,v]\qquad(x,v\in V).ρ∥v∥2≤∇2U(x)[v,v](x,v∈V).

For every F∈D(A)F\in D(A)F∈D(A), where A=Tˉ†TˉA=\bar T^\dagger\bar TA=Tˉ†Tˉ, there are functions fn∈Cc∞(V)f_n\in C_c^\infty(V)fn​∈Cc∞​(V) such that:

  1. Tˉ[fn]→TˉF\bar T[f_n]\to\bar T FTˉ[fn​]→TˉF in L2(ν)L^2(\nu)L2(ν).
  2. A[fn]→AFA[f_n]\to AFA[fn​]→AF in L2(ν)L^2(\nu)L2(ν).
  3. For every standard basis vector eie_iei​, the weak derivative ⟨ei,TˉF⟩\langle e_i,\bar TF\rangle⟨ei​,TˉF⟩ lies in the domain of Tˉ\bar TTˉ, and Tˉ[∂ifn]\bar T[\partial_i f_n]Tˉ[∂i​fn​] converges to Tˉ⟨ei,TˉF⟩\bar T\langle e_i,\bar TF\rangleTˉ⟨ei​,TˉF⟩.

This approximation lemma is used to extend smooth Hessian identities to the operator domain.

Original Lean declaration header

Within namespace FunctionalInequalities.KLS.LogConcave. Shown in its original module context. Proof omitted.

private theorem exists_seq_smooth_tendsto_weakHessian (hνU : (ν : Measure V) = m.tilted (-U))
    (hUt : U.HasTemperateGrowth) (hU : ContDiff ℝ 1 U)
    (hexp : ∀ r : ℝ, Integrable (fun x => Real.exp (r * ‖x‖)) (ν : Measure V)) {ρ : ℝ}
    (hH : ∀ x v, ρ * ‖v‖ ^ 2 ≤ bilinearIteratedFDerivTwo ℝ U x v v)
    (F : (adjointComp (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi)).domain) :
    ∃ (fn : ℕ → V → ℝ) (hfn : ∀ n, ContDiff ℝ ∞ (fn n))
      (hfnc : ∀ n, HasCompactSupport (fn n)),
      Tendsto (fun n => hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi
          ⟨_, hν.toLp_mem_closedWeightedOperator_domain m hi (hfn n) (hfnc n)⟩) atTop
        (𝓝 (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi
          ⟨(F : Lp ℝ 2 (ν : Measure V)), F.2.2⟩)) ∧
      Tendsto (fun n => adjointComp (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi)
          ⟨_, hν.toLp_mem_adjointComp_domain m hi hνU hU (hfn n) (hfnc n)⟩) atTop
        (𝓝 (adjointComp (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi) F)) ∧
      ∀ i, ∃ h : (innerSL ℝ (stdOrthonormalBasis ℝ V i)).compLp
          (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi
            ⟨(F : Lp ℝ 2 (ν : Measure V)), F.2.2⟩) ∈
          (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi).domain,
        Tendsto (fun n => hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi
            ⟨_, hν.toLp_mem_closedWeightedOperator_domain m hi
              (contDiff_fderiv_apply_infty (hfn n) (stdOrthonormalBasis ℝ V i))
              ((hfnc n).fderiv_apply ℝ (stdOrthonormalBasis ℝ V i))⟩) atTop
          (𝓝 (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi ⟨_, h⟩))

Module navigation

Module: KLS/LogConcave/HeatSemigroup/Hessian.

Definition modules: KLS/LogConcave/WeightedGradient/Closure, KLS/LogConcave/HeatSemigroup/Generator, Analysis/Semigroup/AdjointComp, Probability/LogConcave, Energy/WeightedGradient/Core.

Supporting theorems: integral_hessianSq_add_le_of_hasTemperateGrowth, tendsto_apply_of_tendsto_adjointComp, exists_seq_smooth_tendsto_adjointComp_of_localRegularity, toLp_mul_mem_closedWeightedOperator_domain_of_orthogonal.

Next: compLp_innerSL_closedWeightedOperator_comm.

Source excerpt, lines 265–287 · Frozen source 408915f.

Preamble
import Definitions.Def_KLSModular_FunctionalInequalities_KLS_LogConcave_HeatSemigroup_Hessian

open MeasureTheory Filter Topology InnerProductSpace
open FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.Semigroup FunctionalInequalities.Analysis.BakryEmery
open scoped ContDiff RealInnerProductSpace
variable {V : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup V] [InnerProductSpace ℝ V] [CompleteSpace V]
  [MeasurableSpace V] [BorelSpace V] [SecondCountableTopology V] [FiniteDimensional ℝ V]
  {ν : MeasureTheory.ProbabilityMeasure V} (m : MeasureTheory.Measure V) [m.IsAddHaarMeasure] (hν : FunctionalInequalities.KLS.LogConcave ν)
  (hi : (interior (ν : MeasureTheory.Measure V).support).Nonempty) {U : V → ℝ}
Formal statement

 theorem FunctionalInequalities.KLS.LogConcave.exists_seq_smooth_tendsto_weakHessian_readable (hνU : (ν : Measure V) = m.tilted (-U))
    (hUt : U.HasTemperateGrowth) (hU : ContDiff ℝ 1 U)
    (hexp : ∀ r : ℝ, Integrable (fun x => Real.exp (r * ‖x‖)) (ν : Measure V)) {ρ : ℝ}
    (hH : ∀ x v, ρ * ‖v‖ ^ 2 ≤ bilinearIteratedFDerivTwo ℝ U x v v)
    (F : (adjointComp (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi)).domain) :
    ∃ (fn : ℕ → V → ℝ) (hfn : ∀ n, ContDiff ℝ ∞ (fn n))
      (hfnc : ∀ n, HasCompactSupport (fn n)),
      Tendsto (fun n => hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi
          ⟨_, hν.toLp_mem_closedWeightedOperator_domain m hi (hfn n) (hfnc n)⟩) atTop
        (𝓝 (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi
          ⟨(F : Lp ℝ 2 (ν : Measure V)), F.2.2⟩)) ∧
      Tendsto (fun n => adjointComp (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi)
          ⟨_, hν.toLp_mem_adjointComp_domain m hi hνU hU (hfn n) (hfnc n)⟩) atTop
        (𝓝 (adjointComp (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi) F)) ∧
      ∀ i, ∃ h : (innerSL ℝ (stdOrthonormalBasis ℝ V i)).compLp
          (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi
            ⟨(F : Lp ℝ 2 (ν : Measure V)), F.2.2⟩) ∈
          (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi).domain,
        Tendsto (fun n => hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi
            ⟨_, hν.toLp_mem_closedWeightedOperator_domain m hi
              (FunctionalInequalities.KLS.LogConcave.contDiff_fderiv_apply_infty (hfn n) (stdOrthonormalBasis ℝ V i))
              ((hfnc n).fderiv_apply ℝ (stdOrthonormalBasis ℝ V i))⟩) atTop
          (𝓝 (hν.closedWeightedOperator m (ContinuousLinearMap.id ℝ V) hi ⟨_, h⟩)) := by sorry
Source
Lean source: https://github.com/human-ai-mathematics/kls-lean/blob/408915f/formalization/FunctionalInequalities/KLS/LogConcave/HeatSemigroup/Hessian.lean#L262-L333 (repository human-ai-mathematics/kls-lean, commit 408915f, module `FunctionalInequalities.KLS.LogConcave.HeatSemigroup.Hessian`, declaration `_private.FunctionalInequalities.KLS.LogConcave.HeatSemigroup.Hessian.0.FunctionalInequalities.KLS.LogConcave.exists_seq_smooth_tendsto_weakHessian`; the repository is private at upload time).

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